Efforts to Assess and Conserve Biodiversity through Environmental DNA Monitoring

Environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring is an innovative technology that enables noninvasive and highly accurate identification of species inhabiting a given area; this is achieved by collecting and analyzing DNA fragments derived from organisms present in the environment, such as water or soil. Compared with conventional survey methods, such as physical capture or visual observation, eDNA monitoring excels in terms of efficiency, comprehensiveness, and reduced environmental impact. Recently, it has been increasingly applied across a wide range of fields, including biodiversity conservation, invasive species monitoring, and rare or endangered species detection.

AdvanSentinel Inc., jointly established by Shionogi & Co., Ltd. (hereafter "SHIONOGI") and Shimadzu Corporation, has developed a proprietary technology called “QuickConc™” for enhanced sensitivity in detecting eDNA. By leveraging this technology, the company is promoting the practical application of eDNA monitoring. It is now offering companies and local governments solutions that support biodiversity conservation.

The Aburahi Botanical Gardens, managed by SHIONOGI, cultivates more than 1,000 species of plants, including endangered and rare species. However, how the rich vegetation of the garden influenced the conservation of endangered species in the surrounding satoyama (traditional rural landscape) remains unclear.

To address this, SHIONOGI, in collaboration with AdvanSentinel Inc., conducted a biological survey using eDNA analysis technology. This pilot study was launched to better understand and analyze biodiversity conservation at the Aburahi Botanical Gardens.

As a result of the eDNA monitoring conducted thus far, DNA from 65 species was detected at observation points in and around the Aburahi Botanical Gardens. These included the southern medaka, listed as increasingly endangered on the Koka City Red List, as well as the Japanese fire-bellied newt, Schlegel’s green tree frog, and the four-spotted dragonfly.

These findings indicate that the Aburahi Botanical Gardens may serve as a habitat supporting a rich ecosystem that includes endangered flora and fauna. We will continue to collect and analyze eDNA and use the insights gained in biodiversity conservation efforts.